Merlin

Merlin stands as one of the most influential figures in Arthurian legend, known primarily as a powerful magician but encompassing many other roles. Known as Myrddin in Welsh, Merdhyn in Cornish, and Merzhin in Breton, the character we recognize today emerged from Geoffrey of Monmouth's writings in the 12th century. A Catholic cleric, Geoffrey crafted the familiar version of Merlin by weaving together tales of two unrelated British prophets: Myrddin and Ambrosius. He named this composite figure Merlinus Ambrosius, and his creation quickly captured imaginations, particularly in Wales.

French writers, beginning with Robert de Boron in the 13th century, further developed the character, transforming him into a complex figure who would profoundly shape medieval literature and imagination. According to traditional accounts, Merlin was a cambion - the offspring of a mortal woman and an incubus demon - who inherited supernatural abilities from his otherworldly father. These powers notably included prophecy and shapeshifting.

The legends tell how Merlin orchestrated Arthur's birth through magical means and political machination, later serving as the young king's trusted advisor and mentor. His story typically concludes with his departure from Arthur's court, though he leaves behind prophecies of future events. One popular version from French medieval literature recounts how Merlin, having fallen in love with the Lady of the Lake - his own student - meets his end when she uses her magic to trap or kill him. Other variations of the tale describe his fate differently, suggesting either a supernatural retirement or death.