Coyote

Coyote is a central figure in the mythologies of many Indigenous peoples across North America, drawing inspiration from the real coyote (Canis latrans). While details vary between cultures and regions, Coyote is most often portrayed as a male, anthropomorphic being—capable of speech, thought, and human-like behavior—though he frequently retains distinct animal characteristics such as a fur-covered body, pointed ears, yellow eyes, a bushy tail, and blunt claws.

Coyote’s personality is complex and multifaceted. He is most commonly recognized as a trickster—a being who uses cunning, humor, and deception to outwit others. In some tales, his mischief leads to chaos or unintended consequences, often making him the butt of the joke. In others, his cleverness serves a greater purpose, challenging authority, teaching moral lessons, or bringing about positive change. In many traditions, Coyote plays a culture hero role as well, credited with shaping the world, introducing fire, creating landscapes, or giving humans tools, language, or survival skills.

Much like Raven in the mythologies of the Pacific Northwest, Coyote occupies a liminal space between creator and fool, benefactor and troublemaker. This ambiguity allows storytellers to use Coyote to explore deep truths about human nature, social order, and the balance between chaos and harmony. His stories are often humorous, but they also serve as moral lessons, cautionary tales, or spiritual teachings that are passed down through generations.

Because each Indigenous group has its own distinct culture, language, and worldview, stories about Coyote differ widely. Among the Navajo, he is a sacred yet mischievous figure involved in the creation of the world. In Plains traditions, Coyote might be a bringer of fire or a manipulator of other animal spirits. For the Maidu of California, he is a co-creator of the world, often working in opposition or partnership with other mythic beings.

Coyote’s enduring presence across so many Indigenous traditions speaks to his powerful role as a symbol of adaptability, unpredictability, and the complex nature of wisdom and folly.